World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Australia vs Japan: population pyramids in 1991

1991Swap

AustraliaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Australia and Japan compared

In 1991, Australia has a population of 17.2 million and Japan 123.6 million; Japan is about 7.2 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 11.1% in Australia and 12.4% in Japan, 1.2 points higher in Japan. The median age is 32.2 years in Australia and 38.1 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.86 in Australia and 1.50 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.5 years in Australia and 79.3 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Australia is projected to grow by 87.7% and that of Japan to shrink by 15.0% compared with 1991.

GDP per person is $65K in Australia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1991)

AustraliaJapan
Population17.2 million123.6 million
Aged 0–1422.0%17.7%
Aged 15–6466.9%69.9%
Aged 65+11.1%12.4%
Median age32.2 yrs38.1 yrs
Old-age dependency16.717.7
Total fertility rate1.861.50
Life expectancy77.5 yrs79.3 yrs
Population growth+1.21%+0.41%
Net migration (per year)+68,847+161,331
GDP$1.8T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$65K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.1% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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