World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Australia vs Japan: population pyramids in 1999

1999Swap

AustraliaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Australia and Japan compared

In 1999, Australia has a population of 18.8 million and Japan 126.7 million; Japan is about 6.7 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 12.2% in Australia and 16.6% in Japan, 4.4 points higher in Japan. The median age is 34.9 years in Australia and 41.2 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.76 in Australia and 1.34 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 79.3 years in Australia and 80.6 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Australia is projected to grow by 72.2% and that of Japan to shrink by 17.1% compared with 1999.

GDP per person is $65K in Australia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1999)

AustraliaJapan
Population18.8 million126.7 million
Aged 0–1421.0%14.7%
Aged 15–6466.8%68.7%
Aged 65+12.2%16.6%
Median age34.9 yrs41.2 yrs
Old-age dependency18.324.1
Total fertility rate1.761.34
Life expectancy79.3 yrs80.6 yrs
Population growth+1.13%+0.18%
Net migration (per year)+92,900+56,901
GDP$1.8T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$65K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.1% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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