World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Australia vs Japan: population pyramids in 2026

2026Swap

AustraliaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Australia and Japan compared

In 2026, Australia has a population of 27.1 million and Japan 122.6 million; Japan is about 4.5 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 18.3% in Australia and 30.0% in Japan, 11.8 points higher in Japan. The median age is 39.4 years in Australia and 51.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.64 in Australia and 1.23 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.3 years in Australia and 85.2 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Australia is projected to grow by 19.5% and that of Japan to shrink by 14.4% compared with 2026.

GDP per person is $65K in Australia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2026)

AustraliaJapan
Population27.1 million122.6 million
Aged 0–1417.6%11.2%
Aged 15–6464.1%58.8%
Aged 65+18.3%30.0%
Median age39.4 yrs51.0 yrs
Old-age dependency28.551.1
Total fertility rate1.641.23
Life expectancy84.3 yrs85.2 yrs
Population growth+0.91%-0.56%
Net migration (per year)+131,706+128,619
GDP$1.8T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$65K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.1% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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