Germany vs France: population pyramids in 1991
GermanyFrance
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Germany and France compared
In 1991, Germany has a population of 80 million and France 57.1 million; Germany is about 1.4 times the size of France.
The share aged 65 and over is 14.9% in Germany and 14.1% in France, 0.8 points higher in Germany. The median age is 37.6 years in Germany and 34.9 years in France.
The total fertility rate is 1.34 in Germany and 1.77 in France, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 75.6 years in Germany and 77.0 years in France.
By 2050, the population of Germany is projected to shrink by 2.1% and that of France to grow by 19.3% compared with 1991.
GDP per person is $60K in Germany (2025) and $49K in France (2025).
Key figures (1991)
| Germany | France | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 80 million | 57.1 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 16.2% | 20.1% |
| Aged 15–64 | 68.9% | 65.8% |
| Aged 65+ | 14.9% | 14.1% |
| Median age | 37.6 yrs | 34.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 21.6 | 21.4 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.34 | 1.77 |
| Life expectancy | 75.6 yrs | 77.0 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.66% | +0.48% |
| Net migration (per year) | +602,638 | +35,201 |
| GDP | $5.05T (2025) | $3.37T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $60K (2025) | $49K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.7% (2025) | 7.5% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.