Germany vs France: population pyramids in 2023
GermanyFrance
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Germany and France compared
In 2023, Germany has a population of 84.4 million and France 66.4 million; Germany is about 1.3 times the size of France.
The share aged 65 and over is 22.6% in Germany and 21.5% in France, 1.1 points higher in Germany. The median age is 46.1 years in Germany and 42.7 years in France.
The total fertility rate is 1.44 in Germany and 1.64 in France, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 81.4 years in Germany and 83.3 years in France.
By 2050, the population of Germany is projected to shrink by 7.1% and that of France to grow by 2.7% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $60K in Germany (2025) and $49K in France (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| Germany | France | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 84.4 million | 66.4 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 13.9% | 16.9% |
| Aged 15–64 | 63.5% | 61.6% |
| Aged 65+ | 22.6% | 21.5% |
| Median age | 46.1 yrs | 42.7 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 35.6 | 35.0 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.44 | 1.64 |
| Life expectancy | 81.4 yrs | 83.3 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.35% | +0.17% |
| Net migration (per year) | +609,553 | +91,862 |
| GDP | $5.05T (2025) | $3.37T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $60K (2025) | $49K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.7% (2025) | 7.5% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.