Germany vs Italy: population pyramids in 1981
GermanyItaly
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Germany and Italy compared
In 1981, Germany has a population of 78.4 million and Italy 56.6 million; Germany is about 1.4 times the size of Italy.
The share aged 65 and over is 15.5% in Germany and 13.2% in Italy, 2.3 points higher in Germany. The median age is 36.7 years in Germany and 34.1 years in Italy.
The total fertility rate is 1.53 in Germany and 1.58 in Italy, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 73.3 years in Germany and 74.4 years in Italy.
By 2050, the population of Germany is projected to shrink by 0.1% and that of Italy to shrink by 8.1% compared with 1981.
GDP per person is $60K in Germany (2025) and $43K in Italy (2025).
Key figures (1981)
| Germany | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 78.4 million | 56.6 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 18.2% | 22.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 66.3% | 64.8% |
| Aged 65+ | 15.5% | 13.2% |
| Median age | 36.7 yrs | 34.1 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 23.4 | 20.4 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.53 | 1.58 |
| Life expectancy | 73.3 yrs | 74.4 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.04% | +0.15% |
| Net migration (per year) | +130,713 | +7,182 |
| GDP | $5.05T (2025) | $2.55T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $60K (2025) | $43K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.7% (2025) | 6.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.