Germany vs Italy: population pyramids in 2029
GermanyItaly
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Germany and Italy compared
In 2029, Germany has a population of 83.1 million and Italy 58.3 million; Germany is about 1.4 times the size of Italy.
The share aged 65 and over is 25.6% in Germany and 27.0% in Italy, 1.4 points higher in Italy. The median age is 47.1 years in Germany and 50.5 years in Italy.
The total fertility rate is 1.47 in Germany and 1.24 in Italy, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 82.3 years in Germany and 84.6 years in Italy.
By 2050, the population of Germany is projected to shrink by 5.7% and that of Italy to shrink by 10.8% compared with 2029.
GDP per person is $60K in Germany (2025) and $43K in Italy (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2029)
| Germany | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 83.1 million | 58.3 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 13.8% | 11.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 60.6% | 62.0% |
| Aged 65+ | 25.6% | 27.0% |
| Median age | 47.1 yrs | 50.5 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 42.2 | 43.5 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.47 | 1.24 |
| Life expectancy | 82.3 yrs | 84.6 yrs |
| Population growth | -0.28% | -0.42% |
| Net migration (per year) | +146,977 | +56,897 |
| GDP | $5.05T (2025) | $2.55T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $60K (2025) | $43K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.7% (2025) | 6.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.