Ethiopia vs Nigeria: population pyramids in 2016
EthiopiaNigeria
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Ethiopia and Nigeria compared
In 2016, Ethiopia has a population of 105.3 million and Nigeria 193 million; Nigeria is about 1.8 times the size of Ethiopia.
The share aged 65 and over is 2.9% in Ethiopia and 3.0% in Nigeria, almost the same. The median age is 18.1 years in Ethiopia and 17.7 years in Nigeria.
The total fertility rate is 4.47 in Ethiopia and 5.34 in Nigeria, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 64.2 years in Ethiopia and 52.2 years in Nigeria.
By 2050, the population of Ethiopia is projected to grow by 112.1% and that of Nigeria to grow by 85.0% compared with 2016.
GDP per person is $933 in Ethiopia (2025) and $1,224 in Nigeria (2025).
Key figures (2016)
| Ethiopia | Nigeria | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 105.3 million | 193 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 42.6% | 44.3% |
| Aged 15–64 | 54.5% | 52.8% |
| Aged 65+ | 2.9% | 3.0% |
| Median age | 18.1 yrs | 17.7 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 5.4 | 5.6 |
| Total fertility rate | 4.47 | 5.34 |
| Life expectancy | 64.2 yrs | 52.2 yrs |
| Population growth | +2.74% | +2.48% |
| Net migration (per year) | +115,823 | +75,265 |
| GDP | $126B (2025) | $291B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $933 (2025) | $1,224 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.3% (2025) | 3.1% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.