France vs Germany: population pyramids in 2021
FranceGermany
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
France and Germany compared
In 2021, France has a population of 66 million and Germany 83.6 million; Germany is about 1.3 times the size of France.
The share aged 65 and over is 20.9% in France and 21.9% in Germany, 1.1 points higher in Germany. The median age is 42.3 years in France and 45.9 years in Germany.
The total fertility rate is 1.80 in France and 1.58 in Germany, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 82.3 years in France and 81.1 years in Germany.
By 2050, the population of France is projected to grow by 3.3% and that of Germany to shrink by 6.3% compared with 2021.
GDP per person is $49K in France (2025) and $60K in Germany (2025).
Key figures (2021)
| France | Germany | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 66 million | 83.6 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 17.4% | 13.8% |
| Aged 15–64 | 61.8% | 64.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 20.9% | 21.9% |
| Median age | 42.3 yrs | 45.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 33.8 | 34.2 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.80 | 1.58 |
| Life expectancy | 82.3 yrs | 81.1 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.27% | +0.18% |
| Net migration (per year) | +131,465 | +310,264 |
| GDP | $3.37T (2025) | $5.05T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $49K (2025) | $60K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 7.5% (2025) | 3.7% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.