World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Thailand: population pyramids in 2021

2021Swap

JapanThailand

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Thailand compared

In 2021, Japan has a population of 125.9 million and Thailand 71.7 million; Japan is about 1.8 times the size of Thailand.

The share aged 65 and over is 29.0% in Japan and 13.2% in Thailand, 15.8 points higher in Japan. The median age is 48.9 years in Japan and 39.5 years in Thailand.

The total fertility rate is 1.27 in Japan and 1.23 in Thailand, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.5 years in Japan and 77.6 years in Thailand.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 16.6% and that of Thailand to shrink by 7.2% compared with 2021.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $8,057 in Thailand (2025).

Key figures (2021)

JapanThailand
Population125.9 million71.7 million
Aged 0–1412.2%16.0%
Aged 15–6458.8%70.8%
Aged 65+29.0%13.2%
Median age48.9 yrs39.5 yrs
Old-age dependency49.318.6
Total fertility rate1.271.23
Life expectancy84.5 yrs77.6 yrs
Population growth-0.56%+0.08%
Net migration (per year)-34,996-2,093
GDP$4.44T (2025)$577B (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$8,057 (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)0.8% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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