World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Thailand: population pyramids in 2031

2031Swap

JapanThailand

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Thailand compared

In 2031, Japan has a population of 119.1 million and Thailand 71.1 million; Japan is about 1.7 times the size of Thailand.

The share aged 65 and over is 31.2% in Japan and 19.7% in Thailand, 11.5 points higher in Japan. The median age is 52.6 years in Japan and 43.7 years in Thailand.

The total fertility rate is 1.27 in Japan and 1.21 in Thailand, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.9 years in Japan and 78.1 years in Thailand.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 11.8% and that of Thailand to shrink by 6.5% compared with 2031.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $8,057 in Thailand (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2031)

JapanThailand
Population119.1 million71.1 million
Aged 0–1410.3%12.8%
Aged 15–6458.5%67.5%
Aged 65+31.2%19.7%
Median age52.6 yrs43.7 yrs
Old-age dependency53.429.2
Total fertility rate1.271.21
Life expectancy85.9 yrs78.1 yrs
Population growth-0.62%-0.16%
Net migration (per year)+124,022+47,242
GDP$4.44T (2025)$577B (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$8,057 (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)0.8% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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