Nigeria vs Egypt: population pyramids in 2023
NigeriaEgypt
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Nigeria and Egypt compared
In 2023, Nigeria has a population of 225.5 million and Egypt 113.5 million; Nigeria is about 2.0 times the size of Egypt.
The share aged 65 and over is 3.0% in Nigeria and 4.9% in Egypt, 1.9 points higher in Egypt. The median age is 18.7 years in Nigeria and 24.9 years in Egypt.
The total fertility rate is 4.48 in Nigeria and 2.75 in Egypt, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 54.5 years in Nigeria and 71.6 years in Egypt.
By 2050, the population of Nigeria is projected to grow by 58.3% and that of Egypt to grow by 41.8% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $1,224 in Nigeria (2025) and $3,086 in Egypt (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| Nigeria | Egypt | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 225.5 million | 113.5 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 41.7% | 32.7% |
| Aged 15–64 | 55.3% | 62.4% |
| Aged 65+ | 3.0% | 4.9% |
| Median age | 18.7 yrs | 24.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 5.5 | 7.8 |
| Total fertility rate | 4.48 | 2.75 |
| Life expectancy | 54.5 yrs | 71.6 yrs |
| Population growth | +2.10% | +1.82% |
| Net migration (per year) | -57,936 | +305,006 |
| GDP | $291B (2025) | $365B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $1,224 (2025) | $3,086 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.1% (2025) | 6.8% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.