New Zealand vs Australia: population pyramids in 1991
New ZealandAustralia
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
New Zealand and Australia compared
In 1991, New Zealand has a population of 3.4 million and Australia 17.2 million; Australia is about 5.0 times the size of New Zealand.
The share aged 65 and over is 11.1% in New Zealand and 11.1% in Australia, almost the same. The median age is 31.2 years in New Zealand and 32.2 years in Australia.
The total fertility rate is 2.09 in New Zealand and 1.86 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 76.1 years in New Zealand and 77.5 years in Australia.
By 2050, the population of New Zealand is projected to grow by 66.6% and that of Australia to grow by 87.7% compared with 1991.
GDP per person is $50K in New Zealand (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).
Key figures (1991)
| New Zealand | Australia | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 3.4 million | 17.2 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 23.3% | 22.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 65.6% | 66.9% |
| Aged 65+ | 11.1% | 11.1% |
| Median age | 31.2 yrs | 32.2 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 16.9 | 16.7 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.09 | 1.86 |
| Life expectancy | 76.1 yrs | 77.5 yrs |
| Population growth | +1.84% | +1.21% |
| Net migration (per year) | +31,156 | +68,847 |
| GDP | $264B (2025) | $1.8T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $50K (2025) | $65K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 5.1% (2025) | 4.1% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.