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United States of America vs Japan: population pyramids in 2049

2049Swap

United States of AmericaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

United States of America and Japan compared

In 2049, the United States of America has a population of 379.3 million and Japan 105.7 million; the United States of America is about 3.6 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 22.9% in the United States of America and 37.1% in Japan, 14.2 points higher in Japan. The median age is 42.6 years in the United States of America and 53.6 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.64 in the United States of America and 1.35 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.1 years in the United States of America and 88.3 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of the United States of America is projected to grow by 0.2% and that of Japan to shrink by 0.7% compared with 2049.

GDP per person is $90K in the United States of America (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2049)

United States of AmericaJapan
Population379.3 million105.7 million
Aged 0–1416.0%11.2%
Aged 15–6461.2%51.7%
Aged 65+22.9%37.1%
Median age42.6 yrs53.6 yrs
Old-age dependency37.471.7
Total fertility rate1.641.35
Life expectancy83.1 yrs88.3 yrs
Population growth+0.24%-0.64%
Net migration (per year)+1.3 million+116,311
GDP$30.8T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$90K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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