World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

European Union (27) population pyramid 2016

EU（欧州連合27か国）

Estimate

Population pyramid

Population
444.4 million
Aged 0–14
15.2%
Aged 15–64
65.5%
Aged 65+
19.3%
Median age
43.0 yrs
Old-age dependency
29.5
Sex ratio M per 100 F
95.4
4M3M2M1M01M2M3M4M0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Bars show the population at each single year of age (men left, women right). The axis is fixed across 1950–2100 so years can be compared. Old-age dependency = population 65+ ÷ population 15–64 × 100.

Population over time

Total population (1950–2100)

321M366M411M457M2000205019502100Total population
Total population

The vertical line marks the selected year. Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Demographics: births, deaths and migration

Values for 2016. A population pyramid is shaped by births, deaths and migration over time. Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Total fertility rate
1.56
Children per woman
Life expectancy (male)
77.8 yrs
At birth
Life expectancy (female)
83.4 yrs
At birth
Births
4.3 million
Per year
Deaths
4.6 million
Per year
Natural change
-0.5
Per 1,000 people (births − deaths)
Net migration
+1 million
Per year (in − out)
Population growth
+0.18%
Per year
Infant mortality
3.6
Per 1,000 live births

Total fertility rate

1.31.82.32.72000205019502100Replacement level 2.1Total fertility rate
Total fertility rate

If fertility stays below replacement level (about 2.1), the population shrinks in the long run unless immigration makes up for it.

Life expectancy at birth

607283952000205019502100MaleFemale
MaleFemale

Birth and death rates (per 1,000 people)

71217212000205019502100Birth rateDeath rate
Birth rateDeath rate

When the death rate exceeds the birth rate, the population declines naturally.

Net migration (in − out, per year)

-970K838K2.6M4.5M2000205019502100Net migration
Net migration

Where European Union (27) is

Maps show approximate locations and imply no position on borders or sovereignty. Small island countries are marked with circles.

Industry

Value added by sector as a share of GDP, and employment by sector (World Bank).

Agriculture (% of GDP)
1.6%
2025
Industry incl. construction (% of GDP)
22.2%
2025
Manufacturing (% of GDP)
14.3%
2025
Services (% of GDP)
65.9%
2025

GDP by sector

0%23%46%69%19802000202019602025AgricultureIndustryServices
AgricultureIndustryServices

Economy

GDP (current US$)
$21.2T
2025
GDP per capita
$47K
2025
Real GDP growth
1.5%
2025
FDI inflows (% of GDP)
0.4%
2025

GDP (current US$)

$0$7.44T$14.9T$22.3T19802000202019602025GDP
GDP

Real GDP growth

-6%-2%3%8%19802000202019602025Real GDP growth
Real GDP growth

Labour

Labour force
221.7 million
2025
Participation rate (15+)
57.3%
2025
Unemployment
5.9%
2025
Employment: agriculture
3.2%
2025
Employment: industry
23.9%
2025
Employment: services
72.8%
2025

Labour force

188M200M212M223M19802000202019602025Labour force
Labour force

Unemployment and participation

0%20%40%61%19802000202019602025UnemploymentParticipation rate
UnemploymentParticipation rate

Trade and trade balance

Exports and imports of goods and services (balance of payments, US$). Trade balance = exports − imports.

Exports (goods & services)
$10.5T
2025
Imports (goods & services)
$9.73T
2025
Trade (% of GDP)
90.1%
2025

Exports and imports

$0$3.69T$7.38T$11.1T19802000202019602025ExportsImports
ExportsImports

Trade balance

No data

Prices

Consumer price inflation
2.5%
2025

Consumer price inflation (year on year, shown from -10 to 100%)

-1%4%9%14%19802000202019602025Inflation
Inflation

Consumer price index (2010 = 100)

No data

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Members of European Union (27) (27)

European Union (27) population pyramid in other years

Rankings in 2016

Other countries and areas