World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Australia vs Japan: population pyramids in 2049

2049Swap

AustraliaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Australia and Japan compared

In 2049, Australia has a population of 32.2 million and Japan 105.7 million; Japan is about 3.3 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 23.5% in Australia and 37.1% in Japan, 13.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 42.8 years in Australia and 53.6 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.64 in Australia and 1.35 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 87.1 years in Australia and 88.3 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Australia is projected to grow by 0.6% and that of Japan to shrink by 0.7% compared with 2049.

GDP per person is $65K in Australia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2049)

AustraliaJapan
Population32.2 million105.7 million
Aged 0–1415.7%11.2%
Aged 15–6460.8%51.7%
Aged 65+23.5%37.1%
Median age42.8 yrs53.6 yrs
Old-age dependency38.671.7
Total fertility rate1.641.35
Life expectancy87.1 yrs88.3 yrs
Population growth+0.65%-0.64%
Net migration (per year)+166,927+116,311
GDP$1.8T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$65K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.1% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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