World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2049

2049Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2049, Japan has a population of 105.7 million and Australia 32.2 million; Japan is about 3.3 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 37.1% in Japan and 23.5% in Australia, 13.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 53.6 years in Japan and 42.8 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.35 in Japan and 1.64 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 88.3 years in Japan and 87.1 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 0.7% and that of Australia to grow by 0.6% compared with 2049.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2049)

JapanAustralia
Population105.7 million32.2 million
Aged 0–1411.2%15.7%
Aged 15–6451.7%60.8%
Aged 65+37.1%23.5%
Median age53.6 yrs42.8 yrs
Old-age dependency71.738.6
Total fertility rate1.351.64
Life expectancy88.3 yrs87.1 yrs
Population growth-0.64%+0.65%
Net migration (per year)+116,311+166,927
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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