World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2010

2010Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2010, Japan has a population of 128.1 million and Australia 22 million; Japan is about 5.8 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 22.9% in Japan and 13.4% in Australia, 9.5 points higher in Japan. The median age is 45.0 years in Japan and 37.0 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.36 in Japan and 1.95 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 82.9 years in Japan and 82.0 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 18.0% and that of Australia to grow by 47.3% compared with 2010.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Key figures (2010)

JapanAustralia
Population128.1 million22 million
Aged 0–1413.4%19.1%
Aged 15–6463.7%67.5%
Aged 65+22.9%13.4%
Median age45.0 yrs37.0 yrs
Old-age dependency36.019.9
Total fertility rate1.361.95
Life expectancy82.9 yrs82.0 yrs
Population growth-0.03%+1.47%
Net migration (per year)+131,860+166,752
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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