World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 1990

1990Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 1990, Japan has a population of 123.2 million and Australia 17 million; Japan is about 7.2 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 11.9% in Japan and 11.0% in Australia, 1.0 points higher in Japan. The median age is 37.7 years in Japan and 31.9 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.51 in Japan and 1.91 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 79.0 years in Japan and 77.0 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 14.7% and that of Australia to grow by 90.4% compared with 1990.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Key figures (1990)

JapanAustralia
Population123.2 million17 million
Aged 0–1418.4%22.1%
Aged 15–6469.7%66.9%
Aged 65+11.9%11.0%
Median age37.7 yrs31.9 yrs
Old-age dependency17.116.4
Total fertility rate1.511.91
Life expectancy79.0 yrs77.0 yrs
Population growth+0.38%+1.43%
Net migration (per year)+124,582+100,093
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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