World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Australia: population pyramids in 2020

2020Swap

JapanAustralia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Australia compared

In 2020, Japan has a population of 126.5 million and Australia 25.7 million; Japan is about 4.9 times the size of Australia.

The share aged 65 and over is 28.7% in Japan and 16.1% in Australia, 12.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 48.4 years in Japan and 37.7 years in Australia.

The total fertility rate is 1.30 in Japan and 1.59 in Australia, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.7 years in Japan and 83.7 years in Australia.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 16.9% and that of Australia to grow by 26.2% compared with 2020.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $65K in Australia (2025).

Key figures (2020)

JapanAustralia
Population126.5 million25.7 million
Aged 0–1412.3%18.6%
Aged 15–6459.0%65.3%
Aged 65+28.7%16.1%
Median age48.4 yrs37.7 yrs
Old-age dependency48.624.7
Total fertility rate1.301.59
Life expectancy84.7 yrs83.7 yrs
Population growth-0.43%+0.68%
Net migration (per year)+42,001+44,447
GDP$4.44T (2025)$1.8T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$65K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.1% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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