Australia vs New Zealand: population pyramids in 1990
AustraliaNew Zealand
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Australia and New Zealand compared
In 1990, Australia has a population of 17 million and New Zealand 3.3 million; Australia is about 5.1 times the size of New Zealand.
The share aged 65 and over is 11.0% in Australia and 11.0% in New Zealand, almost the same. The median age is 31.9 years in Australia and 30.9 years in New Zealand.
The total fertility rate is 1.91 in Australia and 2.17 in New Zealand, so only Australia is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.0 years in Australia and 75.4 years in New Zealand.
By 2050, the population of Australia is projected to grow by 90.4% and that of New Zealand to grow by 71.8% compared with 1990.
GDP per person is $65K in Australia (2025) and $50K in New Zealand (2025).
Key figures (1990)
| Australia | New Zealand | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 17 million | 3.3 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 22.1% | 23.2% |
| Aged 15–64 | 66.9% | 65.8% |
| Aged 65+ | 11.0% | 11.0% |
| Median age | 31.9 yrs | 30.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 16.4 | 16.7 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.91 | 2.17 |
| Life expectancy | 77.0 yrs | 75.4 yrs |
| Population growth | +1.43% | +3.06% |
| Net migration (per year) | +100,093 | +70,432 |
| GDP | $1.8T (2025) | $264B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $65K (2025) | $50K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.1% (2025) | 5.1% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.