World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Canada vs Japan: population pyramids in 2018

2018Swap

CanadaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Canada and Japan compared

In 2018, Canada has a population of 37 million and Japan 126.9 million; Japan is about 3.4 times the size of Canada.

The share aged 65 and over is 16.9% in Canada and 28.1% in Japan, 11.2 points higher in Japan. The median age is 40.8 years in Canada and 47.7 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.51 in Canada and 1.37 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 81.9 years in Canada and 84.3 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Canada is projected to grow by 22.9% and that of Japan to shrink by 17.2% compared with 2018.

GDP per person is $56K in Canada (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (2018)

CanadaJapan
Population37 million126.9 million
Aged 0–1416.1%12.6%
Aged 15–6466.9%59.3%
Aged 65+16.9%28.1%
Median age40.8 yrs47.7 yrs
Old-age dependency25.347.5
Total fertility rate1.511.37
Life expectancy81.9 yrs84.3 yrs
Population growth+1.35%-0.14%
Net migration (per year)+420,224+320,601
GDP$2.32T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$56K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment6.9% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

Compare other years