World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Canada vs Japan: population pyramids in 2029

2029Swap

CanadaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Canada and Japan compared

In 2029, Canada has a population of 41.2 million and Japan 120.5 million; Japan is about 2.9 times the size of Canada.

The share aged 65 and over is 21.9% in Canada and 30.6% in Japan, 8.8 points higher in Japan. The median age is 42.3 years in Canada and 52.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.32 in Canada and 1.25 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.5 years in Canada and 85.6 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Canada is projected to grow by 10.4% and that of Japan to shrink by 12.9% compared with 2029.

GDP per person is $56K in Canada (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2029)

CanadaJapan
Population41.2 million120.5 million
Aged 0–1414.5%10.6%
Aged 15–6463.6%58.7%
Aged 65+21.9%30.6%
Median age42.3 yrs52.0 yrs
Old-age dependency34.452.1
Total fertility rate1.321.25
Life expectancy83.5 yrs85.6 yrs
Population growth+0.68%-0.60%
Net migration (per year)+267,895+128,048
GDP$2.32T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$56K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment6.9% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

Compare other years