World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Canada vs Japan: population pyramids in 2042

2042Swap

CanadaJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Canada and Japan compared

In 2042, Canada has a population of 44.2 million and Japan 110.8 million; Japan is about 2.5 times the size of Canada.

The share aged 65 and over is 24.5% in Canada and 35.8% in Japan, 11.2 points higher in Japan. The median age is 45.0 years in Canada and 54.0 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.37 in Canada and 1.32 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.3 years in Canada and 87.4 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Canada is projected to grow by 2.9% and that of Japan to shrink by 5.2% compared with 2042.

GDP per person is $56K in Canada (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2042)

CanadaJapan
Population44.2 million110.8 million
Aged 0–1413.6%10.6%
Aged 15–6461.9%53.6%
Aged 65+24.5%35.8%
Median age45.0 yrs54.0 yrs
Old-age dependency39.766.7
Total fertility rate1.371.32
Life expectancy85.3 yrs87.4 yrs
Population growth+0.41%-0.65%
Net migration (per year)+253,183+120,719
GDP$2.32T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$56K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment6.9% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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