Spain vs Italy: population pyramids in 1980
SpainItaly
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Spain and Italy compared
In 1980, Spain has a population of 37.4 million and Italy 56.2 million; Italy is about 1.5 times the size of Spain.
The share aged 65 and over is 11.0% in Spain and 13.2% in Italy, 2.2 points higher in Italy. The median age is 30.7 years in Spain and 33.9 years in Italy.
The total fertility rate is 2.21 in Spain and 1.65 in Italy, so only Italy is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 75.5 years in Spain and 74.0 years in Italy.
By 2050, the population of Spain is projected to grow by 20.3% and that of Italy to shrink by 7.5% compared with 1980.
GDP per person is $39K in Spain (2025) and $43K in Italy (2025).
Key figures (1980)
| Spain | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 37.4 million | 56.2 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 26.2% | 22.6% |
| Aged 15–64 | 62.8% | 64.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 11.0% | 13.2% |
| Median age | 30.7 yrs | 33.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 17.6 | 20.5 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.21 | 1.65 |
| Life expectancy | 75.5 yrs | 74.0 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.81% | +0.68% |
| Net migration (per year) | +20,166 | +295,642 |
| GDP | $1.91T (2025) | $2.55T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $39K (2025) | $43K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 10.4% (2025) | 6.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.