Spain vs Italy: population pyramids in 1989
SpainItaly
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Spain and Italy compared
In 1989, Spain has a population of 39 million and Italy 56.9 million; Italy is about 1.5 times the size of Spain.
The share aged 65 and over is 13.0% in Spain and 14.4% in Italy, 1.4 points higher in Italy. The median age is 33.0 years in Spain and 36.6 years in Italy.
The total fertility rate is 1.40 in Spain and 1.33 in Italy, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.0 years in Spain and 76.9 years in Italy.
By 2050, the population of Spain is projected to grow by 15.4% and that of Italy to shrink by 8.6% compared with 1989.
GDP per person is $39K in Spain (2025) and $43K in Italy (2025).
Key figures (1989)
| Spain | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 39 million | 56.9 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 20.9% | 17.3% |
| Aged 15–64 | 66.1% | 68.3% |
| Aged 65+ | 13.0% | 14.4% |
| Median age | 33.0 yrs | 36.6 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 19.7 | 21.1 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.40 | 1.33 |
| Life expectancy | 77.0 yrs | 76.9 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.17% | +0.09% |
| Net migration (per year) | -25,892 | +19,540 |
| GDP | $1.91T (2025) | $2.55T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $39K (2025) | $43K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 10.4% (2025) | 6.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.