Spain vs Italy: population pyramids in 1998
SpainItaly
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Spain and Italy compared
In 1998, Spain has a population of 40.5 million and Italy 57.2 million; Italy is about 1.4 times the size of Spain.
The share aged 65 and over is 15.9% in Spain and 17.5% in Italy, 1.6 points higher in Italy. The median age is 36.3 years in Spain and 39.5 years in Italy.
The total fertility rate is 1.13 in Spain and 1.21 in Italy, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 78.9 years in Spain and 78.8 years in Italy.
By 2050, the population of Spain is projected to grow by 11.0% and that of Italy to shrink by 9.0% compared with 1998.
GDP per person is $39K in Spain (2025) and $43K in Italy (2025).
Key figures (1998)
| Spain | Italy | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 40.5 million | 57.2 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 15.5% | 14.4% |
| Aged 15–64 | 68.6% | 68.1% |
| Aged 65+ | 15.9% | 17.5% |
| Median age | 36.3 yrs | 39.5 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 23.1 | 25.7 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.13 | 1.21 |
| Life expectancy | 78.9 yrs | 78.8 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.48% | +0.05% |
| Net migration (per year) | +182,926 | +67,985 |
| GDP | $1.91T (2025) | $2.55T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $39K (2025) | $43K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 10.4% (2025) | 6.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.