Ethiopia vs Nigeria: population pyramids in 2045
EthiopiaNigeria
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Ethiopia and Nigeria compared
In 2045, Ethiopia has a population of 204.8 million and Nigeria 334.3 million; Nigeria is about 1.6 times the size of Ethiopia.
The share aged 65 and over is 4.9% in Ethiopia and 4.1% in Nigeria, 0.8 points higher in Ethiopia. The median age is 24.2 years in Ethiopia and 23.6 years in Nigeria.
The total fertility rate is 2.72 in Ethiopia and 2.85 in Nigeria, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 72.4 years in Ethiopia and 57.8 years in Nigeria.
By 2050, the population of Ethiopia is projected to grow by 9.0% and that of Nigeria to grow by 6.8% compared with 2045.
GDP per person is $933 in Ethiopia (2025) and $1,224 in Nigeria (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2045)
| Ethiopia | Nigeria | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 204.8 million | 334.3 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 31.9% | 32.9% |
| Aged 15–64 | 63.3% | 63.0% |
| Aged 65+ | 4.9% | 4.1% |
| Median age | 24.2 yrs | 23.6 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 7.7 | 6.5 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.72 | 2.85 |
| Life expectancy | 72.4 yrs | 57.8 yrs |
| Population growth | +1.77% | +1.38% |
| Net migration (per year) | +35,013 | +44,157 |
| GDP | $126B (2025) | $291B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $933 (2025) | $1,224 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.3% (2025) | 3.1% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.