World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

France vs Japan: population pyramids in 2040

2040Swap

FranceJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

France and Japan compared

In 2040, France has a population of 67.9 million and Japan 112.3 million; Japan is about 1.7 times the size of France.

The share aged 65 and over is 26.9% in France and 35.0% in Japan, 8.1 points higher in Japan. The median age is 44.3 years in France and 53.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.64 in France and 1.31 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.4 years in France and 87.1 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of France is projected to grow by 0.4% and that of Japan to shrink by 6.5% compared with 2040.

GDP per person is $49K in France (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2040)

FranceJapan
Population67.9 million112.3 million
Aged 0–1414.9%10.4%
Aged 15–6458.2%54.6%
Aged 65+26.9%35.0%
Median age44.3 yrs53.9 yrs
Old-age dependency46.264.1
Total fertility rate1.641.31
Life expectancy85.4 yrs87.1 yrs
Population growth+0.09%-0.65%
Net migration (per year)+101,394+118,186
GDP$3.37T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$49K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment7.5% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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