United Kingdom vs France: population pyramids in 2040
United KingdomFrance
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
United Kingdom and France compared
In 2040, the United Kingdom has a population of 73.6 million and France 67.9 million; the United Kingdom is about 1.1 times the size of France.
The share aged 65 and over is 23.4% in the United Kingdom and 26.9% in France, 3.6 points higher in France. The median age is 43.1 years in the United Kingdom and 44.3 years in France.
The total fertility rate is 1.53 in the United Kingdom and 1.64 in France, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.8 years in the United Kingdom and 85.4 years in France.
By 2050, the population of the United Kingdom is projected to grow by 2.4% and that of France to grow by 0.4% compared with 2040.
GDP per person is $58K in the United Kingdom (2025) and $49K in France (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2040)
| United Kingdom | France | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 73.6 million | 67.9 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 14.8% | 14.9% |
| Aged 15–64 | 61.8% | 58.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 23.4% | 26.9% |
| Median age | 43.1 yrs | 44.3 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 37.8 | 46.2 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.53 | 1.64 |
| Life expectancy | 83.8 yrs | 85.4 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.28% | +0.09% |
| Net migration (per year) | +236,786 | +101,394 |
| GDP | $4T (2025) | $3.37T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $58K (2025) | $49K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.8% (2025) | 7.5% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.