World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

United Kingdom vs Japan: population pyramids in 2040

2040Swap

United KingdomJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

United Kingdom and Japan compared

In 2040, the United Kingdom has a population of 73.6 million and Japan 112.3 million; Japan is about 1.5 times the size of the United Kingdom.

The share aged 65 and over is 23.4% in the United Kingdom and 35.0% in Japan, 11.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 43.1 years in the United Kingdom and 53.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.53 in the United Kingdom and 1.31 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.8 years in the United Kingdom and 87.1 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of the United Kingdom is projected to grow by 2.4% and that of Japan to shrink by 6.5% compared with 2040.

GDP per person is $58K in the United Kingdom (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2040)

United KingdomJapan
Population73.6 million112.3 million
Aged 0–1414.8%10.4%
Aged 15–6461.8%54.6%
Aged 65+23.4%35.0%
Median age43.1 yrs53.9 yrs
Old-age dependency37.864.1
Total fertility rate1.531.31
Life expectancy83.8 yrs87.1 yrs
Population growth+0.28%-0.65%
Net migration (per year)+236,786+118,186
GDP$4T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$58K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment4.8% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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