Italy vs Germany: population pyramids in 1990
ItalyGermany
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Italy and Germany compared
In 1990, Italy has a population of 57 million and Germany 79.4 million; Germany is about 1.4 times the size of Italy.
The share aged 65 and over is 14.8% in Italy and 14.9% in Germany, almost the same. The median age is 36.9 years in Italy and 37.6 years in Germany.
The total fertility rate is 1.33 in Italy and 1.46 in Germany, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 77.0 years in Italy and 75.3 years in Germany.
By 2050, the population of Italy is projected to shrink by 8.7% and that of Germany to shrink by 1.3% compared with 1990.
GDP per person is $43K in Italy (2025) and $60K in Germany (2025).
Key figures (1990)
| Italy | Germany | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 57 million | 79.4 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 16.7% | 16.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 68.5% | 69.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 14.8% | 14.9% |
| Median age | 36.9 yrs | 37.6 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 21.6 | 21.5 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.33 | 1.46 |
| Life expectancy | 77.0 yrs | 75.3 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.11% | +0.83% |
| Net migration (per year) | +35,317 | +679,702 |
| GDP | $2.55T (2025) | $5.05T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $43K (2025) | $60K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 6.4% (2025) | 3.7% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.