World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Canada: population pyramids in 2045

2045Swap

JapanCanada

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Canada compared

In 2045, Japan has a population of 108.6 million and Canada 44.7 million; Japan is about 2.4 times the size of Canada.

The share aged 65 and over is 36.6% in Japan and 24.8% in Canada, 11.7 points higher in Japan. The median age is 53.9 years in Japan and 45.5 years in Canada.

The total fertility rate is 1.33 in Japan and 1.38 in Canada, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 87.8 years in Japan and 85.6 years in Canada.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 3.3% and that of Canada to grow by 1.7% compared with 2045.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $56K in Canada (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2045)

JapanCanada
Population108.6 million44.7 million
Aged 0–1410.9%13.5%
Aged 15–6452.5%61.6%
Aged 65+36.6%24.8%
Median age53.9 yrs45.5 yrs
Old-age dependency69.640.3
Total fertility rate1.331.38
Life expectancy87.8 yrs85.6 yrs
Population growth-0.65%+0.39%
Net migration (per year)+113,424+263,720
GDP$4.44T (2025)$2.32T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$56K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)6.9% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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