World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Germany: population pyramids in 2020

2020Swap

JapanGermany

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Germany compared

In 2020, Japan has a population of 126.5 million and Germany 83.6 million; Japan is about 1.5 times the size of Germany.

The share aged 65 and over is 28.7% in Japan and 21.7% in Germany, 7.0 points higher in Japan. The median age is 48.4 years in Japan and 45.9 years in Germany.

The total fertility rate is 1.30 in Japan and 1.53 in Germany, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.7 years in Japan and 81.0 years in Germany.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 16.9% and that of Germany to shrink by 6.3% compared with 2020.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $60K in Germany (2025).

Key figures (2020)

JapanGermany
Population126.5 million83.6 million
Aged 0–1412.3%13.7%
Aged 15–6459.0%64.6%
Aged 65+28.7%21.7%
Median age48.4 yrs45.9 yrs
Old-age dependency48.633.6
Total fertility rate1.301.53
Life expectancy84.7 yrs81.0 yrs
Population growth-0.43%-0.01%
Net migration (per year)+42,001+203,468
GDP$4.44T (2025)$5.05T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$60K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)3.7% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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