World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Germany: population pyramids in 2024

2024Swap

JapanGermany

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Germany compared

In 2024, Japan has a population of 124 million and Germany 84.7 million; Japan is about 1.5 times the size of Germany.

The share aged 65 and over is 29.6% in Japan and 23.0% in Germany, 6.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 50.1 years in Japan and 46.2 years in Germany.

The total fertility rate is 1.22 in Japan and 1.45 in Germany, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 84.8 years in Japan and 81.5 years in Germany.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 15.3% and that of Germany to shrink by 7.4% compared with 2024.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $60K in Germany (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2024)

JapanGermany
Population124 million84.7 million
Aged 0–1411.5%13.9%
Aged 15–6458.8%63.1%
Aged 65+29.6%23.0%
Median age50.1 yrs46.2 yrs
Old-age dependency50.336.4
Total fertility rate1.221.45
Life expectancy84.8 yrs81.5 yrs
Population growth-0.51%-0.34%
Net migration (per year)+153,357+36,954
GDP$4.44T (2025)$5.05T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$60K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)3.7% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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