World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs India: population pyramids in 2012

2012Swap

JapanIndia

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and India compared

In 2012, Japan has a population of 128 million and India 1.27 billion; India is about 9.9 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 24.0% in Japan and 5.0% in India, 19.0 points higher in Japan. The median age is 45.7 years in Japan and 25.1 years in India.

The total fertility rate is 1.38 in Japan and 2.47 in India, so only Japan is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.2 years in Japan and 68.1 years in India.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 17.9% and that of India to grow by 32.1% compared with 2012.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $2,702 in India (2025).

Key figures (2012)

JapanIndia
Population128 million1.27 billion
Aged 0–1413.3%30.7%
Aged 15–6462.7%64.3%
Aged 65+24.0%5.0%
Median age45.7 yrs25.1 yrs
Old-age dependency38.37.9
Total fertility rate1.382.47
Life expectancy83.2 yrs68.1 yrs
Population growth-0.15%+1.36%
Net migration (per year)+67,904-198,935
GDP$4.44T (2025)$3.96T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$2,702 (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.2% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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