World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs India: population pyramids in 2049

2049Swap

JapanIndia

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and India compared

In 2049, Japan has a population of 105.7 million and India 1.67 billion; India is about 16 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 37.1% in Japan and 14.1% in India, 23.0 points higher in Japan. The median age is 53.6 years in Japan and 38.7 years in India.

The total fertility rate is 1.35 in Japan and 1.77 in India, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 88.3 years in Japan and 77.4 years in India.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 0.7% and that of India to grow by 0.2% compared with 2049.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $2,702 in India (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2049)

JapanIndia
Population105.7 million1.67 billion
Aged 0–1411.2%18.1%
Aged 15–6451.7%67.8%
Aged 65+37.1%14.1%
Median age53.6 yrs38.7 yrs
Old-age dependency71.720.7
Total fertility rate1.351.77
Life expectancy88.3 yrs77.4 yrs
Population growth-0.64%+0.25%
Net migration (per year)+116,311-394,954
GDP$4.44T (2025)$3.96T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$2,702 (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)4.2% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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