Thailand vs Viet Nam: population pyramids in 2023
ThailandViet Nam
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Thailand and Viet Nam compared
In 2023, Thailand has a population of 71.7 million and Viet Nam 100 million; Viet Nam is about 1.4 times the size of Thailand.
The share aged 65 and over is 14.4% in Thailand and 8.4% in Viet Nam, 6.0 points higher in Thailand. The median age is 40.4 years in Thailand and 33.2 years in Viet Nam.
The total fertility rate is 1.21 in Thailand and 1.91 in Viet Nam, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 76.4 years in Thailand and 74.6 years in Viet Nam.
By 2050, the population of Thailand is projected to shrink by 7.3% and that of Viet Nam to grow by 10.0% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $8,057 in Thailand (2025) and $5,066 in Viet Nam (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| Thailand | Viet Nam | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 71.7 million | 100 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 15.3% | 23.8% |
| Aged 15–64 | 70.4% | 67.8% |
| Aged 65+ | 14.4% | 8.4% |
| Median age | 40.4 yrs | 33.2 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 20.4 | 12.4 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.21 | 1.91 |
| Life expectancy | 76.4 yrs | 74.6 yrs |
| Population growth | -0.04% | +0.64% |
| Net migration (per year) | +19,648 | -81,789 |
| GDP | $577B (2025) | $515B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $8,057 (2025) | $5,066 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 0.8% (2025) | 1.5% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.