Viet Nam vs Thailand: population pyramids in 2023
Viet NamThailand
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Viet Nam and Thailand compared
In 2023, Viet Nam has a population of 100 million and Thailand 71.7 million; Viet Nam is about 1.4 times the size of Thailand.
The share aged 65 and over is 8.4% in Viet Nam and 14.4% in Thailand, 6.0 points higher in Thailand. The median age is 33.2 years in Viet Nam and 40.4 years in Thailand.
The total fertility rate is 1.91 in Viet Nam and 1.21 in Thailand, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 74.6 years in Viet Nam and 76.4 years in Thailand.
By 2050, the population of Viet Nam is projected to grow by 10.0% and that of Thailand to shrink by 7.3% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $5,066 in Viet Nam (2025) and $8,057 in Thailand (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| Viet Nam | Thailand | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 100 million | 71.7 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 23.8% | 15.3% |
| Aged 15–64 | 67.8% | 70.4% |
| Aged 65+ | 8.4% | 14.4% |
| Median age | 33.2 yrs | 40.4 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 12.4 | 20.4 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.91 | 1.21 |
| Life expectancy | 74.6 yrs | 76.4 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.64% | -0.04% |
| Net migration (per year) | -81,789 | +19,648 |
| GDP | $515B (2025) | $577B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $5,066 (2025) | $8,057 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 1.5% (2025) | 0.8% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.