Bangladesh vs India: population pyramids in 2023
BangladeshIndia
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Bangladesh and India compared
In 2023, Bangladesh has a population of 170.4 million and India 1.43 billion; India is about 8.4 times the size of Bangladesh.
The share aged 65 and over is 6.2% in Bangladesh and 6.8% in India, 0.6 points higher in India. The median age is 26.2 years in Bangladesh and 28.9 years in India.
The total fertility rate is 2.16 in Bangladesh and 1.98 in India, so only India is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 74.7 years in Bangladesh and 72.0 years in India.
By 2050, the population of Bangladesh is projected to grow by 25.7% and that of India to grow by 17.2% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $2,597 in Bangladesh (2025) and $2,702 in India (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| Bangladesh | India | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 170.4 million | 1.43 billion |
| Aged 0–14 | 28.6% | 25.3% |
| Aged 15–64 | 65.2% | 67.9% |
| Aged 65+ | 6.2% | 6.8% |
| Median age | 26.2 yrs | 28.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 9.5 | 10.0 |
| Total fertility rate | 2.16 | 1.98 |
| Life expectancy | 74.7 yrs | 72.0 yrs |
| Population growth | +1.21% | +0.89% |
| Net migration (per year) | -549,918 | -979,179 |
| GDP | $456B (2025) | $3.96T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,597 (2025) | $2,702 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.8% (2025) | 4.2% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.