Bangladesh vs India: population pyramids in 2040
BangladeshIndia
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
Bangladesh and India compared
In 2040, Bangladesh has a population of 201.9 million and India 1.62 billion; India is about 8.0 times the size of Bangladesh.
The share aged 65 and over is 9.7% in Bangladesh and 11.0% in India, 1.3 points higher in India. The median age is 32.5 years in Bangladesh and 35.5 years in India.
The total fertility rate is 1.87 in Bangladesh and 1.80 in India, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 78.8 years in Bangladesh and 75.7 years in India.
By 2050, the population of Bangladesh is projected to grow by 6.1% and that of India to grow by 3.6% compared with 2040.
GDP per person is $2,597 in Bangladesh (2025) and $2,702 in India (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2040)
| Bangladesh | India | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 201.9 million | 1.62 billion |
| Aged 0–14 | 23.0% | 20.0% |
| Aged 15–64 | 67.3% | 68.9% |
| Aged 65+ | 9.7% | 11.0% |
| Median age | 32.5 yrs | 35.5 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 14.4 | 16.0 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.87 | 1.80 |
| Life expectancy | 78.8 yrs | 75.7 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.67% | +0.48% |
| Net migration (per year) | -331,839 | -399,517 |
| GDP | $456B (2025) | $3.96T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,597 (2025) | $2,702 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 3.8% (2025) | 4.2% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.