World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Germany vs Japan: population pyramids in 2039

2039Swap

GermanyJapan

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Germany and Japan compared

In 2039, Germany has a population of 80.8 million and Japan 113 million; Japan is about 1.4 times the size of Germany.

The share aged 65 and over is 29.5% in Germany and 34.5% in Japan, 4.9 points higher in Japan. The median age is 48.9 years in Germany and 53.9 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 1.51 in Germany and 1.31 in Japan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 83.8 years in Germany and 87.0 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Germany is projected to shrink by 3.1% and that of Japan to shrink by 7.1% compared with 2039.

GDP per person is $60K in Germany (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2039)

GermanyJapan
Population80.8 million113 million
Aged 0–1412.6%10.3%
Aged 15–6457.9%55.2%
Aged 65+29.5%34.5%
Median age48.9 yrs53.9 yrs
Old-age dependency51.162.4
Total fertility rate1.511.31
Life expectancy83.8 yrs87.0 yrs
Population growth-0.27%-0.65%
Net migration (per year)+158,094+120,375
GDP$5.05T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$60K (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment3.7% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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