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Indonesia vs Japan: population pyramids in 1990

1990Swap

IndonesiaJapan

1.5%1%0.5%0%0.5%1%1.5%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Indonesia and Japan compared

In 1990, Indonesia has a population of 181.9 million and Japan 123.2 million; Indonesia is about 1.5 times the size of Japan.

The share aged 65 and over is 4.0% in Indonesia and 11.9% in Japan, 7.9 points higher in Japan. The median age is 21.5 years in Indonesia and 37.7 years in Japan.

The total fertility rate is 3.11 in Indonesia and 1.51 in Japan, so only Japan is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 63.2 years in Indonesia and 79.0 years in Japan.

By 2050, the population of Indonesia is projected to grow by 76.2% and that of Japan to shrink by 14.7% compared with 1990.

GDP per person is $5,060 in Indonesia (2025) and $36K in Japan (2025).

Key figures (1990)

IndonesiaJapan
Population181.9 million123.2 million
Aged 0–1436.2%18.4%
Aged 15–6459.8%69.7%
Aged 65+4.0%11.9%
Median age21.5 yrs37.7 yrs
Old-age dependency6.717.1
Total fertility rate3.111.51
Life expectancy63.2 yrs79.0 yrs
Population growth+1.78%+0.38%
Net migration (per year)+11,539+124,582
GDP$1.45T (2025)$4.44T (2025)
GDP per person$5,060 (2025)$36K (2025)
Unemployment3.2% (2025)2.5% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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