India vs Bangladesh: population pyramids in 1978
IndiaBangladesh
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and Bangladesh compared
In 1978, India has a population of 648.4 million and Bangladesh 82.9 million; India is about 7.8 times the size of Bangladesh.
The share aged 65 and over is 3.9% in India and 3.3% in Bangladesh, 0.6 points higher in India. The median age is 19.6 years in India and 17.4 years in Bangladesh.
The total fertility rate is 4.89 in India and 6.51 in Bangladesh, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 52.4 years in India and 51.6 years in Bangladesh.
By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 158.7% and that of Bangladesh to grow by 158.4% compared with 1978.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $2,597 in Bangladesh (2025).
Key figures (1978)
| India | Bangladesh | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 648.4 million | 82.9 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 40.2% | 44.8% |
| Aged 15–64 | 55.9% | 51.9% |
| Aged 65+ | 3.9% | 3.3% |
| Median age | 19.6 yrs | 17.4 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 7.0 | 6.3 |
| Total fertility rate | 4.89 | 6.51 |
| Life expectancy | 52.4 yrs | 51.6 yrs |
| Population growth | +2.24% | +2.42% |
| Net migration (per year) | -210,444 | -486,721 |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $456B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $2,597 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 3.8% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.