India vs Pakistan: population pyramids in 1991
IndiaPakistan
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and Pakistan compared
In 1991, India has a population of 874.5 million and Pakistan 118.2 million; India is about 7.4 times the size of Pakistan.
The share aged 65 and over is 4.0% in India and 3.4% in Pakistan, 0.6 points higher in India. The median age is 20.7 years in India and 17.9 years in Pakistan.
The total fertility rate is 3.96 in India and 6.29 in Pakistan, both above the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 59.0 years in India and 59.9 years in Pakistan.
By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 91.8% and that of Pakistan to grow by 212.8% compared with 1991.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $1,596 in Pakistan (2025).
Key figures (1991)
| India | Pakistan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 874.5 million | 118.2 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 38.5% | 44.1% |
| Aged 15–64 | 57.5% | 52.5% |
| Aged 65+ | 4.0% | 3.4% |
| Median age | 20.7 yrs | 17.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 7.0 | 6.5 |
| Total fertility rate | 3.96 | 6.29 |
| Life expectancy | 59.0 yrs | 59.9 yrs |
| Population growth | +2.14% | +3.17% |
| Net migration (per year) | -157,911 | -19,668 |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $407B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $1,596 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 5.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.