India vs Pakistan: population pyramids in 2100
IndiaPakistan
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and Pakistan compared
In 2100, India has a population of 1.51 billion and Pakistan 510.5 million; India is about 2.9 times the size of Pakistan.
The share aged 65 and over is 29.7% in India and 16.5% in Pakistan, 13.2 points higher in India. The median age is 48.6 years in India and 38.2 years in Pakistan.
The total fertility rate is 1.69 in India and 1.93 in Pakistan, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 85.3 years in India and 78.2 years in Pakistan.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $1,596 in Pakistan (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2100)
| India | Pakistan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.51 billion | 510.5 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 13.8% | 19.3% |
| Aged 15–64 | 56.5% | 64.2% |
| Aged 65+ | 29.7% | 16.5% |
| Median age | 48.6 yrs | 38.2 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 52.5 | 25.7 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.69 | 1.93 |
| Life expectancy | 85.3 yrs | 78.2 yrs |
| Population growth | -0.51% | +0.17% |
| Net migration (per year) | -319,573 | -459,844 |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $407B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $1,596 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 5.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.