India vs Pakistan: population pyramids in 2042
IndiaPakistan
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and Pakistan compared
In 2042, India has a population of 1.63 billion and Pakistan 332.2 million; India is about 4.9 times the size of Pakistan.
The share aged 65 and over is 11.6% in India and 5.5% in Pakistan, 6.2 points higher in India. The median age is 36.2 years in India and 25.4 years in Pakistan.
The total fertility rate is 1.79 in India and 2.80 in Pakistan, so only India is below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 76.1 years in India and 70.2 years in Pakistan.
By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 2.7% and that of Pakistan to grow by 11.3% compared with 2042.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $1,596 in Pakistan (2025).
Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.
Key figures (2042)
| India | Pakistan | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.63 billion | 332.2 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 19.6% | 31.1% |
| Aged 15–64 | 68.8% | 63.4% |
| Aged 65+ | 11.6% | 5.5% |
| Median age | 36.2 yrs | 25.4 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 16.9 | 8.6 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.79 | 2.80 |
| Life expectancy | 76.1 yrs | 70.2 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.42% | +1.43% |
| Net migration (per year) | -377,652 | -600,132 |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $407B (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $1,596 (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 5.4% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.