India vs United States of America: population pyramids in 2023
IndiaUnited States of America
Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.
India and United States of America compared
In 2023, India has a population of 1.43 billion and the United States of America 342.4 million; India is about 4.2 times the size of the United States of America.
The share aged 65 and over is 6.8% in India and 17.1% in the United States of America, 10.3 points higher in the United States of America. The median age is 28.9 years in India and 38.9 years in the United States of America.
The total fertility rate is 1.98 in India and 1.62 in the United States of America, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 72.0 years in India and 79.3 years in the United States of America.
By 2050, the population of India is projected to grow by 17.2% and that of the United States of America to grow by 11.0% compared with 2023.
GDP per person is $2,702 in India (2025) and $90K in the United States of America (2025).
Key figures (2023)
| India | United States of America | |
|---|---|---|
| Population | 1.43 billion | 342.4 million |
| Aged 0–14 | 25.3% | 17.7% |
| Aged 15–64 | 67.9% | 65.1% |
| Aged 65+ | 6.8% | 17.1% |
| Median age | 28.9 yrs | 38.9 yrs |
| Old-age dependency | 10.0 | 26.3 |
| Total fertility rate | 1.98 | 1.62 |
| Life expectancy | 72.0 yrs | 79.3 yrs |
| Population growth | +0.89% | +0.58% |
| Net migration (per year) | -979,179 | +1.3 million |
| GDP | $3.96T (2025) | $30.8T (2025) |
| GDP per person | $2,702 (2025) | $90K (2025) |
| Unemployment | 4.2% (2025) | 4.2% (2025) |
Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.