World Population PyramidsPopulation pyramids and indicators by country and year日本語

Japan vs Germany: population pyramids in 2048

2048Swap

JapanGermany

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and Germany compared

In 2048, Japan has a population of 106.4 million and Germany 78.9 million; Japan is about 1.3 times the size of Germany.

The share aged 65 and over is 37.0% in Japan and 30.1% in Germany, 6.8 points higher in Japan. The median age is 53.7 years in Japan and 49.2 years in Germany.

The total fertility rate is 1.34 in Japan and 1.54 in Germany, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 88.2 years in Japan and 84.9 years in Germany.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 1.3% and that of Germany to shrink by 0.6% compared with 2048.

GDP per person is $36K in Japan (2025) and $60K in Germany (2025).

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2048)

JapanGermany
Population106.4 million78.9 million
Aged 0–1411.2%12.9%
Aged 15–6451.9%57.0%
Aged 65+37.0%30.1%
Median age53.7 yrs49.2 yrs
Old-age dependency71.252.8
Total fertility rate1.341.54
Life expectancy88.2 yrs84.9 yrs
Population growth-0.64%-0.32%
Net migration (per year)+118,534+159,021
GDP$4.44T (2025)$5.05T (2025)
GDP per person$36K (2025)$60K (2025)
Unemployment2.5% (2025)3.7% (2025)

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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