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Japan vs China, Taiwan Province of China: population pyramids in 2032

2032Swap

JapanChina, Taiwan Province of China

1%0.75%0.5%0.25%0%0.25%0.5%0.75%1%0102030405060708090100MaleFemale

Each bar is the share of the total population at that single year of age (men left, women right), so countries of different sizes can be compared.

Japan and China, Taiwan Province of China compared

In 2032, Japan has a population of 118.3 million and China, Taiwan Province of China 22.4 million; Japan is about 5.3 times the size of China, Taiwan Province of China.

The share aged 65 and over is 31.2% in Japan and 25.7% in China, Taiwan Province of China, 5.6 points higher in Japan. The median age is 52.8 years in Japan and 49.7 years in China, Taiwan Province of China.

The total fertility rate is 1.27 in Japan and 0.91 in China, Taiwan Province of China, both below the replacement level of about 2.1. Life expectancy at birth is 86.0 years in Japan and 82.2 years in China, Taiwan Province of China.

By 2050, the population of Japan is projected to shrink by 11.2% and that of China, Taiwan Province of China to shrink by 13.0% compared with 2032.

Figures from 2024 are UN medium-variant projections.

Key figures (2032)

JapanChina, Taiwan Province of China
Population118.3 million22.4 million
Aged 0–1410.2%9.2%
Aged 15–6458.5%65.1%
Aged 65+31.2%25.7%
Median age52.8 yrs49.7 yrs
Old-age dependency53.439.4
Total fertility rate1.270.91
Life expectancy86.0 yrs82.2 yrs
Population growth-0.63%-0.53%
Net migration (per year)+123,178-371
GDP$4.44T (2025)—
GDP per person$36K (2025)—
Unemployment2.5% (2025)—

Economic figures are the latest year published for each country.

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